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Geographical Locations - Greece
 The WWW Virtual Library: Public Health
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- (Statistical) Number of Inhabitants per Doctor: 303
- CIA World Factbook : Greece
Organisations and Networks
UN and Multinational
Government
Non-Government
- Dental Association of Thessaloniki - in Greek
- Educational Center for the Promotion of Public Health and the Prevention of Drug Abuse - The Educational Center for the Promotion of Health and the Prevention of Drug Abuse operates as a program of the University Mental Health Research Institute (UMHRI) since May 1995 and it was created with the collaboration and financing of the Organization Against Drugs (OKANA). This Center's activities are focused on the training qualified staff in the field of primary prevention and in developing scientific, educational and informational material needed for the implementation of prevention programs.
- Greek Council for Refugees
- Hellenic Heart Foundation
- Hellenic Red Cross
- Hellenic Society for the Study and Prevention of AIDS
- Medical Association of Athens
- Médecins du Monde - Grèce in Greek
- OKANA Organisation Against Drugs - OKANA’s works in the fields of prevention, treatment and social reintegration of people facing problems related to substance use. The organisation plans, promotes, coordinates and implements a national policy on prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts; addresses the drug problem at a national level, provides valid and documented information, and raises public awareness. It also establishes and effectively manages prevention centres, treatment units and social and professional reintegration centres.
- Panhellenic Medical Society
- Therapy Center for Dependent Individuals - "KETHEA (acronym for Therapy Center for Dependent Individuals) is a non-profit, non-governmental organisation that has been operating since 1983, when ITHAKI, the first Greek therapeutic community for drug addicts was established. On a daily basis, KETHEA offers its services to more than 2.800 persons (addicts and family members), thanks to a nation-wide network of services, which includes more than 70 units. KETHEA is also active in the fields of primary prevention, professional training and research."
Academic Institutions
National Policy and Related Documents
Reports, Guidelines, and Projects
- An epidemiological study of syphilis incognito, an emerging public health problem in Greece
Background: Syphilis incognito is a subtype of latent syphilis (early or late) characterized by no signs or symptoms of primary or secondary syphilis and diagnosed by positive serologic results for syphilis during routine screening. Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics, causes, and implications of syphilis incognito in Greece. Patients and Methods: All new adult patients diagnosed as having syphilis in Andreas Sygros Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, Athens, Greece, from 1989 Through 1996 were studied prospectively and retrospectively (history, physical examination, serologic tests, cerebrospinal fluid examination, and imaging) to determine the stage of their disease. The epidemiological, clinical, and serologic characteristics of patients with syphilis incognito were recorded and analyzed. Results: During the 8-year period, 711 new syphilis cases were detected; of these, 480 cases (67.5%) fulfilled the definition criteria of syphilis incognito. The male-female ratio was 1.8:1. Patients with syphilis incognito were most commonly heterosexual, had a median socioeconomic status, and were aged 20 to 39 years, and their conditions were diagnosed during routine screening for syphilis (prenatal care, hospital admission, or blood donation). However, the number of syphilis incognito cases appeared to decline during the period studied. Conclusions: The incidence of syphilis in Greece has decreased dramatically, following the trends in western Europe. The most common form of syphilis is syphilis incognito, affecting adults who are older and have a higher socioeconomic status than those in the past. Improved hygiene and wide use of antibiotics that minimize or abolish symptoms of early disease may have contributed to the frequency of syphilis incognito in recent years. Screening of asymptomatic persons, especially those at high risk, should continue and be reenforced to prevent the devastating consequences of unrecognized and untreated syphilis. [author abstract] [Arch Dermatol. 2001; 137: 157-160]
- Assessment of public health issues of migrants at the Greek-Turkish border, April 2011
A joint mission to assess the public health situation of migrants in Greek detention centres was undertaken in April 2011 by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe. The assessment visit follows the increased migration to the Evros prefecture, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace region, at the Greek-Turkish border where large numbers of migrants are entering Greece via the Evros River, a natural border. Migrants are housed in local detention centres. The main problem in detention centres are the substandard hygiene conditions, especially overcrowding and lack of personal hygiene facilities, lack of basic supplies and lack of access to fresh air and physical exercise. As the migration route via the Evros region is increasingly used since 2009, and due to the unstable political situation in North Africa and the Middle East, an increased influx of migrants was to be expected with the falling water levels of the Evros River in summer, resulting in further deterioration of the already critical situation in the Thrace region’s detention centres. [author abstract] [Euro Surveill. 2012; 17(2): pii=20056]
- Autochthonous Plasmodium vivax malaria in Greece, 2011
Between May and September 2011, twenty cases of Plasmodium vivax infection were reported in Greek citizens without reported travel history. The vast majority of those cases were confined to a delimited agricultural area of Evrotas, Lakonia. Conditions favouring locally acquired transmission of malaria, including the presence of competent vectors and migrants from endemic countries exist in Greece, underscoring the need for the development of an integrated preparedness and response plan for malaria prevention. [publication overview] [Euro Surveill. 2011; 16(42): pii=19993]
- Covariates of occupational accident occurrence in the restaurant sector in Greece: the case of the restaurants in the Piraeus municipality
Background: The hazards to which are exposed the labor force in the restaurant sector vary since they are performing different types of work. Aim: The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of occupational accidents in restaurants of the Piraeus municipality of Attica and to investigate risk factors to being injured. Method and material: For collecting data, a questionnaire for demographic, health and work environment data was used. Our sample consisted of 180 randomly selected current workers in the restaurants of the Piraeus municipality. Pre-testing was carried out on 20 subjects to screen for potential problems in the questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic models have been used to investigate the covariates of occupational accident occurrence. Results: Among current workers, 44.3% reported injuries in their current job. Risk factors for work injuries with statistically significant odds ratio > 2.0 included having conflicts with supervisors/colleagues, permanent stress and body pains, being kitchen staff, as well as lifting heavy loads. Results showed that psychosocial, health and physical working environment factors constitute strong predictors of the prevalence of work accidents. Conclusions: A useful measure would be the draft of guidelines addressed to enterprises as to the way they should handle health and safety at work issues. [author abstract] [Health Science Journal, vol. 5, iss. 3: 196-203 (2011)]
- Environmental tobacco smoke in hospitality venues in Greece
Background: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is a major threat to public health. Greece, having the highest smoking prevalence in the European Union is seriously affected by passive smoking. The purpose of this study was to measure environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in the non smoking areas of hospitality venues and offices in Greece and to compare the levels of exposure to levels in the US, UK and Ireland before and after the implementation of a smoking ban. Methods: Experimental measurements of particulate matter 2.5 µm (PM2.5), performed during a cross sectional study of 49 hospitality venues and offices in Athens and Crete, Greece during February – March 2006. Results: Levels of ETS ranged from 19 µg/m3 to 612 µg/m3, differing according to the place of measurement. The average exposure in hospitality venues was 268 µg/m3 with ETS levels found to be highest in restaurants with a mean value of 298 µg/m3 followed by bars and cafes with 271 µg/ m3. ETS levels were 76% lower in venues in which smoking was not observed compared to all other venues (p < 0.001). ETS levels in Greek designated non-smoking areas are similar to those found in the smoking sections of UK hospitality venues while levels in Ireland with a total smoking ban are 89% lower and smoke-free communities in the US are 91 – 96% lower than levels in Greece. Conclusion: Designated non-smoking areas of hospitality venues in Greece are significantly more polluted with ETS than outdoor air and similar venues in Europe and the United States. The implementation of a total indoor smoking ban in hospitality venues has been shown to have a positive effect on workers and patrons' health. The necessity of such legislation in Greece is thus warranted. [author abstract] [BMC Public Health, 2007, 7: 302]
- Greece: health system review
"The HiT profiles are country-based reports that provide a detailed description of a health system and of policy initiatives in progress or under development. HiTs examine different approaches to the organization, financing and delivery of health services, and the role of the main actors in health systems; describe the institutional framework, process, content and implementation of health and health care policies; and highlight challenges and areas that require more in-depth analysis. The health status of the Greek population has strongly improved over the last few decades and seems to compare relatively favourably with other OECD and European Union (EU) countries. The health system is a mixture of public integrated, public contract and public reimbursement models, comprising elements from both the public and private sectors and incorporating principles of different organizational patterns. Access to services is based on citizenship as well as on occupational status. The system is financed by the state budget, social insurance contributions and private payments. The largest share of health expenditure constitutes private expenditure, mainly in the form of out-of-pocket payments, which is also the element contributing most to the overall increase in health expenditure. The delivery of health care services is based on both public and private providers… Despite success in improving the health of the population, the Greek health care system faces serious structural problems concerning the organization, financing and delivery of services. It suffers from the absence of cost-containment measures and defined criteria for funding, resulting in sickness funds experiencing economic constraints and budget deficits. The high percentage of private expenditure goes against the principle of fair financing and equity in access to health care services... Centralization of the system is coupled with a lack of planning and coordination, and limited managerial and administrative capacity. In addition, the oversupply of physicians, the absence of a referral system, and irrational pricing and reimbursement policies are factors encouraging under-the-table payments and the black economy. These shortcomings result in low satisfaction with the health care system expressed by citizens. The landmark in the development of the Greek health care system was the creation of the national health system (ESY) in 1983. This report describes the development of the ESY at the structural level and generally, the process of implementing reforms. The strategic targets of health reform initiatives have been to structure a unified health care sector along the lines of the original ESY proposal and to cope with current inefficiencies. However, the three reforms attempted in the 1990s were never fully implemented, while the ambitious reform project of the period 2000–2004, which provided for the regionalization of the system, new management structures, prospective reimbursement, new employment conditions for hospital doctors, modernization of public health services and reorganization of primary health care, was abolished after the elections of 2004 and a change in government. While the new strategy, launched in 2005 with the stated aims of securing the financial viability of the health care system in the short term and its sustainability in the long term, addressed specific weaknesses, it has been rather controversial... The dominance of clientelism and party thinking instead of consensus-building has resulted in a health policy that lacks continuity and the ability to bring about change." [Health Systems in Transition, vol. 12, no. 7, pp.1–180, 2010 (The European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies)]
- Health and the Roma Community: analysis of the situation in Europe – Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Greece, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain
"The Roma community is the largest ethnic minority in Europe and is characterised primarily by the situation of social exclusion and wide-ranging poverty experienced by a significant proportion of its members. Inadequate access to housing, education, employment and other needs, along with the existence of barriers to Roma access to health services and an ineffective use of these services due to their lack of adaptation and even to discrimination, all contribute to a range of avoidable injustices suffered by this community with regard to their health situation. These health inequalities are not reflected in reliable and up-to-date statistics or data, a fact which further hinders the planning of targeted interventions designed to reduce and ultimately eliminate inequality. The European project “Health and the Roma Community, Analysis of the Situation in Europe”, promoted by the Fundacion Secretariado Gitano, was implemented in 2007 to analyse the health situation of Europe’s Roma community, to address social inequalities in the area of health and to suggest policies and actions based on reliable knowledge designed to improve the health status of Europe’s Roma community and to reduce inequality. This project, funded by the European Union within the framework of the Public Health Programme, was implemented in seven European Union countries (Greece, Spain, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Portugal, Romania and Bulgaria) with the participation of public and private entities from the different participating countries and under the coordination of the Fundacion Secretariado Gitano." [EFXINI POLI – Local Authorities for Social, Cultural, Tourist, Environmental and Agricultural Development. Greece; FSG – Fundacion Secretariado Gitano. Spain; Office of the Council for Roma Community Affairs – Czech Republic; PDCS – Partners for Democratic Change Slovakia; REAPN – Rede Europeia Anti-Pobreza/Portugal; ROMANI CRISS – Roma Center for Social Interventions and Studies. Romania; and THRPF – The Health of Romany People Foundation. Bulgaria, Madrid 2009]
- Health Care Systems in Transitions Profile - Greece 1996
The Health Care Systems in Transition (HiT) profiles are country-based documents that provide an analytical description of the health care system and of any reform programmes under development. HiTs form the basis of the information system on health care systems and reforms at the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe).
- Health promotion education politics and schooling: the Greek case
This paper seeks to explore the politics of health promotion as a continual process of public health globally and locally. Our main objective in this study is to present the health promotion education initiatives taken by the World Health Organization (WHO) at an international level and also to examine the politics of health promotion in Greece, putting emphasis on the school system. In this approach, the possible influences of the WHO’s politics are going to be sought. Available data point out that several efforts have been done over the last three decades by international organizations and national governments, including Greece, to establish the appropriate policies for the achievement of better health conditions. These initiatives have resulted to the significant improvement of the quality of health promotion provided in Europe. However, systematic health promotion programs and policies are still required to further improve the current situation of health education promotion in the European countries. On the other hand, health promotion and health school education policies in Greek schools are still being implemented in the extracurricular activities. The fundamental conditions for health promotion are thus constantly expected to include socioeconomic and environmental factors that can influence the level of health and quality of life. Investing on health should increasingly be seen by the European countries, including Greece, as a target towards the socio-economic development, the improvement of the environment and, finally, the upgrading of peoples’ quality of life. [author abstract] [Educational Research and Reviews, 6(10), pp. 671-678, 12 September 2011]
- Implementation of the e-Bug project in Greece
The e-Bug pack and web site educational material has been translated and adapted to the Greek language and educational background, and implemented throughout Greece as a supplementary educational resource in elementary and junior high schools. Elementary and junior high school teachers in Greece have actively participated in the development of the e-Bug educational resource and supported the implementation of all e-Bug activities. Dissemination to all key national stakeholders has been undertaken, and endorsement has been obtained from educational and medical associations, societies and institutions. Independent evaluation has been carried out, as part of dissertation thesis projects, for postgraduate studies. The e-Bug educational resource provides all the essentials for the dissemination of good health behaviours in hygiene, monitoring the spread of infection and the prudent use of antibiotics, to the youth of this country. Its contribution is expected to be evident in the next adult generation. [author abstract] [J Antimicrob Chemother, 2011; 66 Suppl 5: v71–v73]
- Improving the performance of the public health care system in Greece
Greek health outcomes compare favourably with the OECD average. However, the health care system is seen as not working well by the population. One source of dissatisfaction is the high proportion of private household spending on health, including informal payments, while public health spending relative to GDP is one of the lowest in the OECD. This situation leads to inequities in access to certain medical services. Also, there is a weakening of efficiency of the system, which should be addressed sooner than later in view of a rising demand for medical services, which is going to intensify in the coming decades, and the need to keep government health care spending in check. This calls for reforms in four areas: (i) reviewing the excessively fragmented structure of the health care system and its governance; (ii) enhancing the quality of public primary health care services; (iii) modernising hospital administration; and (iv) further tightening control over pharmaceutical expenditure. (This Working Paper relates to the 2009 Economic Survey of Greece.) [publication abstract] [OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. 722 (2009)]
- Integrated primary health care in Greece, a missing issue in the current health policy agenda: a systematic review
Background: Over the past years, Greece has undergone several endeavors aimed at modernizing and improving national health care services with a focus on PHC. However, the extent to which integrated primary health care has been achieved is still questioned. Purpose: This paper explores the extent to which integrated primary health care (PHC) is an issue in the current agenda of policy makers in Greece, reporting constraints and opportunities and highlighting the need for a policy perspective in developing integrated PHC in this Southern European country. Methods: A systematic review in PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS, along with a hand search in selected Greek biomedical journals was undertaken to identify key papers, reports, editorials or opinion letters relevant to integrated health care. Results: Our systematic review identi?ed 198 papers and 161 out of them were derived from electronic search. Fifty-three papers in total served the scope of this review and are shortly reported. A key ?nding is that the long-standing dominance of medical perspectives in Greek health policy has been paving the way towards vertical integration, pushing aside any discussions about horizontal or comprehensive integration of care. Conclusion: Establishment of integrated PHC in Greece is still at its infancy, requiring major restructuring of the current national health system, as well as organizational culture changes. Moving towards a new policy-based model would bring this missing issue on the discussion table, facilitating further development. [author abstract] [International Journal of Integrated Care, vol. 9, 30 July 2009]
- Potential impact of the financial crisis on outpatient hospital visits due to otorhinolaryngologic disorders in Crete, Greece
The public health effect of financial crises has been emphasized in previous studies. In addition, a series of otorhinolaryngologic disorders and manifestations has been related to psychological factors in the literature. Such conditions include temporomandibular joint disorders, laryngopharyngeal reflux, chronic tinnitus, and vertigo. Focusing on the outpatient database records of a large hospital in Crete, Greece, the objective of this retrospective study was to explore possible occurrence variations within the prementioned otorhinolaryngologic morbidity which may be potentially attributed to increased levels of socioeconomic stress. Results revealed that although the total number of visits between two periods – before and after the beginning of the financial crisis in Greece – was comparable, a significant increase in the diagnosis of two disorders, namely vertigo and tinnitus was found. In addition, a trend toward increased rate of diagnosis for reflux and temporomandibular joint disorders was noted. Potential implications of these findings are discussed. In conclusion, health care providers in this as well as in other countries facing similar socio-economic conditions should be aware of potential changes in the epidemiologic figures regarding specific medical conditions. [author abstract] [International Journal of Medical Sciences, 2012; 9(2): 126-128]
- Risk-based estimate of effect of foodborne diseases on public health, Greece
The public health effect of illness caused by foodborne pathogens in Greece during 1996–2006 was quanti?ed by using publicly available surveillance data, hospital statistics, and literature. Results were expressed as the incidence of different disease outcomes and as disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a health indicator combining illness and death estimates into a single metric. It has been estimated that each year ≈370,000 illnesses/million inhabitants are likely caused because of eating contaminated food; 900 of these illnesses are severe and 3 fatal, corresponding to 896 DALY/million inhabitants. Ill-de?ned intestinal infections accounted for the greatest part of reported cases and 27% of the DALY. Brucellosis, echinococcosis, salmonellosis, and toxoplasmosis were found to be the most common known causes of foodborne illnesses, being responsible for 70% of the DALY. Overall, the DALY metric provided a quantitative perspective on the impact of foodborne illness that may be useful for prioritizing food safety management targets. [author abstract] [Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 17, no. 9, September 2011, pp.1581-1590]
- Risk factors for contamination of hotel water distribution systems by legionella species
The Legionella colonization frequency at 385 Greek hotel hot and cold water distribution systems was 20.8%. Legionella contamination was associated with the presence of an oil heater (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% con?dence interval [CI] = 1.12 to 3.70), with the sample temperature (OR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.1 to 0.5), with seasonal operation (OR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.52 to 6.87), and with the presence of an independent disinfection system (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.15 to 0.62). The same water temperatures, free-chlorine levels, and pHs differently affect the survival of various Legionella spp. [author abstract] [Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 73, no. 5, Mar. 2007, pp. 1489–1492]
- Smoking habits of Greek preschool children's parents
Background: Smoking is Greece's largest public health threat. Greece has the highest adult smoking prevalence among all E.U countries, which in turn possibly predisposes Greek children and adolescents to smoke. The purpose of our study was to research into the smoking habits of preschool children's parents since children of that age could be vulnerable to parental negative role modeling and to investigate into the necessity of conducting a public health awareness programme aimed at the general population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on the parents of children enrolled in kindergarten in western Crete-Greece (2809 parents), and interviewed during the 2004–2005 Cretan school health promotion programme. Results: 63% of households had at least one parent a current smoker and in 26% both parents were found to be current smokers. Smoking prevalence among adults with preschool children was estimated at 44% (52% of fathers and 36% of mothers). Paternal education and nationality were statistically significantly related to smoking (p < 0.001), unlike place of residence (p = 0.862) and level of maternal education (p = 0.132). Conclusion: Smoking prevalence is high even among parents with preschool children. Taking into account the parents' significant primary role in the children's upbringing and the effect that parental induced passive smoking has on children's health and health attitude; one can deduce that the health of Greek children is under threat. It is of major importance that educational and policy intervention measures are implemented to reduce such a situation that could contribute to promoting the initiation of smoking among Greek adolescents. [author abstract] [BMC Public Health, 2007, 7: 112]
- Smoking policy and prevalence in Greece: an overview
Background: Smoking is one of the largest public heath [sic] problems and a cause of major concern not only among European members such as Greece but also worldwide. Greece over the past years has been suffering from a smoking epidemic with dramatic consequences on the economy and the cost of health services. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the extent of tobacco usage, the methods used to control tobacco consumption, and the main reasons of anti-tobacco legislation failure over the past decades in Greece. Methods: Data were collected from the international PubMed database and from the Greek database, Iatrotek, during January 2006 and the tobacco legislation was discussed with other counterparts in Greece and was rechecked with the Greek ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Results: Currently Greece has the highest smoking prevalence not only among members of the European Union but also among all members of the OECD. Recent epidemiological studies estimate that 40% of the adult population are daily smokers, with one in two adolescents in certain areas also current smokers. Although anti-smoking policies do exist, and have been enforced over the years, many factors have contributed to their failure with a pro-tobacco culture and an increasing number of adolescent smokers exacerbating the problem. Conclusions: It is obvious that the strict enforcement of a nationwide anti-tobacco policy must be a priority on the national health agenda, if we are to ever effectively combat the high prevalence of smoking in Greece. [author abstract] [European Journal of Public Health, vol. 17, no. 2, pp.211–213, 2006]
- The public’s and doctors’ perceived role in participation in setting health care priorities in Greece
Introduction: The Greek public is currently not represented at any level of the healthcare system’s organisational structure. This study aimed to investigate the opinions of Greek citizens as well as doctors regarding their representation in priority setting and to compare these two groups’ preferences when prioritising competing resources. Methods: A sample of 300 citizens and 100 doctors were asked by means of a standardised questionnaire: (a) whether their views should inform healthcare decisions; (b) to rank in terms of importance other groups that should participate in the process; and (c) to allocate competing resources to a series of alternative prevention programmes, medical procedures or across different population groups. Results: As many as 83% of the citizens stated that their opinions should inform decisions regarding prevention and population-group programmes, while a slightly lower 70% believed their opinions should also be heard regarding medical procedures. However, when asked to rank six different population groups in terms of their importance, the public ranked their role quite low. Generally, doctors and patients, and their families were ranked highest, while politicians were ranked last by both groups. Regarding allocation of funds, a remarkable consensus was observed between doctors and the public. Conclusion: This study documents for the first time in Greece the clear preference for active involvement of both the public and healthcare professionals in the process of priority setting and resource allocation. There is great urgency in complementing these findings with qualitative research methods, such as in-depth interviews and discussions with focus groups, so that a more democratic, participative and transparent process for healthcare priority setting can be initiated, based on the actual needs and health problems of the public. [author abstract] [Hellenic Journal of Cardiology, 51: 200-208, 2010]
- The situation of alcohol use and abuse in Greece
Objective: This paper presents data from the newly established national alcohol monitoring system in Greece, developed by the Greek REITOX Focal Point – University Mental Health Research Institute. The objective of the paper is to give an overview of the situation of alcohol-related issues in Greece. Material and methods: Collection and/or compilation of data have been carried out by the Greek Focal Point in collaboration with the agencies and sources of information that deal with alcohol in Greece. These include: a) the NOMOS electronic legal database; b) the general population and student population nationwide epidemiological surveys; c) preventive and treatment agencies; d) Traffic police; and e) General State Chemical Laboratory. Results: The approach to the situation of alcohol-related issues in Greece is piecemeal. However, there is a growing government concern over alcohol issues as demonstrated by actions taken within the framework of legislation and treatment facilities. Conclusions: The existing monitoring system must be extended. In order to have the full picture of the phenomenon, close collaboration with more agencies/sources of information is needed, as well as a synthesis of results from individual sources. [author abstract] [Trastornos Adictivos, 2005; 7(2): 69-79]
Educational Resources
- Anthropos Greece
- CDC - Travel Information : Western Europe
- MedNet Hellas - MedNet Hellas is a project of the Athens Medical Society (AMS) aiming to facilitate the Greek medical community's engagement with cyberspace. Its major goals are to simplify the efforts of Greek doctors in locating the information and services offered by both Greek and foreign medical organisations and to promote the communication between the Greek doctors all over the World.
Original website founded Lucien E. Schlosser and Eberhard Wenzel, 1997.
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