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Research InterestsProfessor Andrew Grulich | | (Position Details) | | Phone 02 9385 0900 | | Email | | Qualifications MB BS Adel, PhD UNSW, MScEpid Lond, DipObst Flin, FAFPHM, DRACOG |
| | | School/Unit |
| National Centre in HIV Epidemiology & Clinical Research | | http://www.nchecr.unsw.edu.au/
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| | Broad Research Areas | |
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Cancer
Epidemiology
HIV - AIDS
Infectious Diseases
Immunology
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| | | | Specific Research Keywords | |
| Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Cancer
Epidemiology
Immunology and Infectious Disease
Infectious disease control
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| | | | Research Interests | |
| Epidemiology and prevention of HIV infection, including behavioural and biomedical prevention.
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| | | | Teaching Interests | |
| Coordinated teaching of epidemiological methods to Masters of Public until 2005. Currently coordinator of "Case studies in Epidemiology". I supervise PhD students in the epidemiology of HIV transmission, HIV prevention, transmission of sexually transmissible infections, and on cancer in immune deficient populations. | |
| | | | Society Memberships & Professional Activities | |
| Clinical Oncology Society of Australia
Australasian Society for HIV Medicine
Australasian Epidemiology Association
Fellow of the Faculty of Public Health Medicine | |
| | | | Funding Sources | |
| NHMRC program grant 2010-2014. "Sexually transmitted infections: Causes, consequences and interventions". Focus on anal cancer natural history and prevention. | |
| | | | Other Postgraduate Research | |
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Projects on the epidemiology of HPV infection will occur in 2010-2014. | |
| | | | Key works/Publications | |
| Selected from over 200 peer-reviewed publicaitons
2. Grulich AE, Beral V, Swerdlow AJ. Kaposi's Sarcoma in England and Wales prior to the AIDS epidemic. Brit J Cancer, 1992;66:1135-1137.
3. Grulich A, Hendry O, Luo K, Bodsworth N, Cooper D, Kaldor J. Risk of Kaposi’s sarcoma and oro-anal sexual contact. Am J Epidemiol, 1997;145:673-679.
4. Grulich AE, Olsen S, Hendry O, Luo K, Cunningham P, Cooper DA, Gao SJ, Chang Y, Moore PS, Kaldor JM. Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus: a sexually transmissible infection? J AIDS & HR, 1999:20:387-393.
5. Grulich AE, Wan X, Law MG, Milliken ST, Lewis CR, Garsia RJ, Gold J, Finlayson RJ, Cooper DA, Kaldor JM. B cell stimulation and prolonged immune deficiency are risk factors for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in people with AIDS. AIDS 2000;14:133-140.
6. Grulich A. HIV risk in gay men: on the rise? Editorial, Brit Med J. 2000;320:1487-1488.
7. Grulich AE, Li Y, McDonald A, Correll PK, Law MG, Kaldor JM. Decreasing rates of HIV-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy. AIDS 2001;15:629-633.
8. Grulich AE, Hendry O, Clark E, Kippax S, Kaldor J. Circumcision and male to male sexual transmission of HIV. AIDS 2001:15:1188-1189.
9. Grulich AE, Cunningham P, Rawlinson WD. Human Herpesvirus 8: A newly described sexually transmissible infection. Venereology 2001;14:174-180.
10. Grulich AE, Li Y, McDonald AM, Correll PK, Law MG, Kaldor JM. Rates of non-AIDS defining cancers in people with HIV infection before and after AIDS diagnosis. AIDS 2002;16:1155-1161.
11. Grulich AE, Zheng W, Smith DE. Use of non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis in Australia, 1998-2001. Australian HIV Surveillance report 2002;18:1-6.
12. Grulich AE, Kaldor JM. Evidence of success in HIV prevention in Africa. Lancet 2002;360:3-4.
13. Grulich AE, de Visser RO, Smith AMA, Rissell CE, Richters J. Sex in Australia: Homosexual experience and recent homosexual encounters among a representative sample of adults. Aust NZ J Pub Health 2003;27(2):155-163.
14. de Visser RO, Smith AMA, Rissell CE, Richters J, Grulich AE. Sex in Australia: Safer sex and condom use among a representative sample of adults. Aust NZ J Pub Health 2003;27(2):223-229.
15. Grulich AE, de Visser RO, Smith AMA, Rissell CE, Richters J. Sex in Australia: Knowledge about sexually transmitted infections and blood-borne viruses in a representative sample of adults. Aust NZ J Pub Health 2003;27(2):230-233.
16. Grulich AE, de Visser RO, Smith AMA, Rissell CE, Richters J. Sex in Australia: Sexually transmissible infection and blood borne virus history in a representative sample of adults. Aust NZ J Pub Health 2003;27(2):234-241.
17. Grulich AE, de Visser RO, Smith AMA, Rissell CE, Richters J. Sex in Australia: Injecting and sexual risk behaviour in a representative sample of adults. Aust NZ J Pub Health 2003;27(2):242-250.
18. O’Sullivan BG, Levy M, Dolan K, Post J, Dwyer D, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Hepatitis C transmission and administration of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against HIV infection following high risk needle and syringe sharing in Australian prisons, 2000-2001. Med J Australia, 2003;178:546-549.
19. Frisch M, Smith E, Grulich AE, Johansen C. Cancer in a population-based cohort of men and women in registered homosexual partnerships. Am J Epidemiol 2003;157:966-972.
20. Richters J, Grulich AE, Ellard J, Hendry O, Kippax SC. HIV transmission among gay men through oral sex and other uncommon routes: Case series of HIV seroconverters, Sydney. AIDS 2003;17(15): 2269-2271.
21. Grulich AE. Post exposure prophylaxis against human immunodeficiency virus: An under-utilised prevention technology (editorial). HIV Medicine 2003;4:193-194.
22. Anderson JS, Vajdic C, Grulich AE. Is screening for anal cancer warranted in homosexual men? Sexual Health 2004;1:137-140.
23. Van de Ven PG, Mao L, Fogarty A, Rawstorne P, Crawford J, Prestage G, Grulich AE, Kaldor J, Kippax S. Undetectable viral load is associated with sexual risk taking in HIV serodiscordant gay couples in Sydney. AIDS 2005;19:179-84.
24. Grulich AE, Cunningham P, Munier MLC, Prestage GP, Amin J, Ringland C, Whitby D, Kippax SC, Kaldor JM, Rawlinson W. Sexual behaviour and human herpesvirus 8 infection in homosexual men in Australia. Sexual Health, 2005;2:13-18.
25. Grulich AE, Vajdic CM, Kaldor JM, Hughes AM, Kricker A, Fritschi L, Turner JJ, Milliken S, Benke G, Armstrong BK. Birth order, atopy, and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:587-594.
26. Jin F, Prestage GP, Kippax SC, Pell CM, Donovan B, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE, on behalf of the Australian-Thai HIV Vaccine Consortium. Epidemic Syphilis among Homosexual Men in Sydney. Medical Journal of Australia, 2005;193:179-183.
27. Vajdic CM, Anderson JM, Hillman RJ, Medley G, Grulich AE. Blind sampling is superior to anoscope-guided sampling for screening for anal intraepithelial neoplasia. Sex Transm Inf. 2005; 81: 415-418.
28. Prestage G, Fogarty A, Mao L, Van de Ven P, Kippax S, Kaldor JM, Jin F, Rawstorne P, Grulich A. How has the sexual behaviour of gay men changed since the onset of AIDS: 1986-2003. Aust NZ J Pub Health. 2005;29: 530-535.
29. in F, Prestage GP, Kippax SC, Kaldor JM, Dore GJ, Grulich AE. Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C in HIV negative homosexual men in Sydney, Australia. Aust NZ J Pub Health. 2005;29:536-539.
30. Grulich AE, Vajdic CM. The epidemiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (review). Pathology. 2005;37:409-419.
31. Jin F, Prestage GP, Mao L, Kippax SC, Pell CM, Donovan B, Templeton DJ, Taylor J, Mindel A, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Transmission of Herpes Simplex Types 1 and 2 in a prospective cohort of HIV negative homosexual men: the HIM study. J Inf Dis. 2006;194:561-570.
32. Templeton TJ, Mao L, Prestage G, Kaldor JM, Kippax S, Grulich AE. Demographic predictors of circumcision status in a community-based sample of homosexual men in Sydney, Australia. Sexual Health 2006;3:191–193.
33. Grulich AE. Highly active antiretroviral therapy and HIV transmission (letter). Lancet 2006; 368:1647.
34. Vajdic CM, McDonald SP, McCredie MRE, van Leeuwen MT, Stewart JH, Law M, Chapman JR, Webster AC, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Increased risk of cancer in patients with end-stage kidney disease, prior to renal replacement therapy, on dialysis and after transplantation. JAMA, 2006;296:2823-2831.
35. Grulich AE, Vajdic CM, Cozen W. Altered immunity as a risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Epi Biomarkers Prevention, 2007;16:405-408.
36. Purdue MP, Lan Q, Kricker A, Grulich AE, Vajdic CM, Turner J, Whitby D, Chanock S, Rothman N, Armstrong BK. Polymorphisms in immune function genes and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: findings from the New South Wales non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study. Carcinogenesis, 2007;28:704-712.
37. Jin F, Prestage GP, Mao L, Kippax SC, Pell CM, Donovan B, Cunningham P, Templeton DJ, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Incidence and risk factors for urethral and anal gonorrhoea and chlamydia in homosexual men: the Health in Men study. Sex Transm Inf 2007;83:113–119.
38. Jin F, Prestage GP, Kippax SC, Pell CM, Donovan B, Templeton DJ, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Risk factors for genital and anal warts in a prospective cohort of HIV negative homosexual men: the HIM study. STD 2007; 34: 488-93.
39. Grulich AE, van Leeuwen MT, Falster MO, Vajdic CM. Incidence of cancers in people with HIV/AIDS compared with immunosuppressed transplant recipients: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2007; 370: 59–67.
40. Guy RJ, McDonald AM, Bartlett MJ, Murray JC, Giele CM, Davey TM, Appuhamy RD, Knibbs P, Coleman D, Hellard ME, Grulich AE, Kaldor JM. HIV diagnoses in Australia: diverging epidemics within a low-prevalence country. Medical Journal of Australia 2007; 187: 437–440.
41. Poynten IM, Smith DE, Cooper DA, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. The public health impact of widespread availability of non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis against HIV. HIV medicine 2007;8: 374–381.
42. Jin F, Prestage GP, Zablotska I, Kippax SC, Donovan B, Cunningham PH, Templeton DJ, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. High rates of sexually transmissible infections in HIV positive homosexual men: data from two community based cohorts. Sex Transm Inf 2007;83:397-399.
43. Vajdic CM, van Leeuwen MT, McDonald SP, McCredie MRE, Stewart JH, Law M, Chapman JR, Webster AC, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the eye after kidney transplantation. J Nat Cancer Inst 2007;99:1-3.
44. Jin F, Prestage GP, Ellard J, Kippax SC, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. How homosexual men believe they became infected with HIV: the role of risk reduction behaviours. J AIDS 2007;46:245–247.
45. Silvia de Sanjose S, Benavente Y, Vajdic CM, Engels EA, Morton LM, Bracci PM, Spinelli JJ, Zheng T, Zhang Y, Franceschi S, Talamini R, Holly EA, Grulich AE, Cerhan JR, Hartge P, Cozen W, Boffetta P, Brennan P, Maynadié M, Cocco P, Bosch R, Foretova L, Staines A, Becker N, Nieters A. Hepatitis C and non-Hodgkin lymphoma among 4,784 cases and 6,269 controls from the InterLymph Consortium. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2008;6: 451-458.
46. Ekström Smedby K, Vajdic CM, Falster M, Engels EA, Martínez-Maza O, Turner J, Hjalgrim H, Vineis P, Seniori Costantini A, Bracci PM, Holly EA, Willett E, Spinelli J, La Vecchia C, Zheng T, Becker N, De Sanjosé S, Chiu BCH, Dal Maso L, Cocco P, Maynadié M, Foretova L, Staines A, Brennan P, Davis S, Severson R, Cerhan JR, Breen EC, Birmann B, Grulich AE, Cozen W. Autoimmune disorders and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a pooled analysis within the InterLymph Consortium. Blood 2008;111:4029-38.
47. Fairley CK, Grulich AE, Imrie JC, Pitts M. Introductory Editorial: the analysis of a natural experiment in HIV control. Sexual Health 2008;5:89.
48. Prestage G, Ferris J, Grierson J, Thorpe R, Zablotska I, Imrie J, Smith A, Grulich AE. Homosexual men in Australia: population, distribution and HIV prevalence. Sexual Health 2008;5:97–102
49. Prestage G, Jin F, Zablotska I, Imrie J, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Trends in HIV prevalence among homosexual and bisexual men in Eastern Australian states. Sexual Health 2008:5;103–107.
50. Jin F, Prestage GP, McDonald A, Ramacciotti T, Imrie JC, Kippax SC, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Trends in HIV incidence in a cohort of homosexual men in Sydney: data from the HIM Study. Sexual Health 2008;5:109–112
51. Grulich AE, Kaldor JM. Trends in HIV incidence in homosexual men in developed countries. Sexual Health 2008;5:113–118.
52. Prestage G, Jin F, Zablotska I, Imrie J, Grulich AE, Pitts M. Trends in HIV testing among homosexual and bisexual men in Eastern Australian states. Sexual Health 2008;5:119–123.
53. Zablotska IB, Prestage G, Grulich AE, Imrie J. Differing trends in sexual risk behaviours in three Australian states: New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland, 1998-2006. Sexual Health 2008;5:125–130.
54. Fairley CK, Grulich AE, Imrie JC, Pitts M. Investment in HIV prevention works: a natural experiment. Sexual Health 2008;5:207–210.
55. Templeton DJ, Mao L, Prestage GP, Jin F, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Self-report is a valid measure of circumcision status in homosexual men. Sex Transm Inf 2008;84;187-188.
56. Wilson DP, Law MG, Grulich AE, Cooper DA, Kaldor JM. Does undetectable HIV viral load mean non-infectiousness? A model-based analysis. Lancet 2008;372:314-320.
57. Templeton DJ, Jin F, Imrie JC, Prestage G, Donovan B, Cunningham P, Kaldor J, Kippax S, Grulich AE. Prevalence, incidence and risk factors for pharyngeal chlamydia in the community-based HIM cohort of homosexual men in Sydney, Australia. Sex Transm Infect 2008; 84:361–363.
58. Wilson DP, Law MG, Grulich AE, Cooper DA, Kaldor JM. HIV transmission under highly active antiretroviral therapy - Authors' reply. Lancet 2008;372:1807.
59. Jin F, Crawford J, Prestage GP, Zablotska I, Imrie JC, Kippax SC, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Unprotected anal intercourse, risk reduction behaviours, and subsequent HIV infection in a cohort of homosexual men. AIDS. 2009;23: 243-252.
60. Grulich AE. Living longer with HIV: what does it mean for cancer risk? (editorial). Current opinion in HIV/AIDS. 2009; 4:1-2.
61. van Leeuwen MT, Grulich AE, McDonald SP, McCredie MRE, Amin J, Stewart JH, Webster AC, Chapman JR, Vajdic CM. Immunosuppression and other risk factors for lip cancer after kidney transplantation. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention. 2009;18:561-9.
62. Zablotska IB, Imrie J, Prestage G, Crawford J, Rawstorne P, Grulich A, Jin F, Kippax S. Gay Men’s Current Practice of HIV Seroconcordant Unprotected Anal Intercourse: Serosorting or Seroguessing? AIDS Care 2009:21;501-510.
63. Guinot D, Ho MT, Poynten IM, McAllister J, Pierce A, Pell C, Grulich AE. Cost-effectiveness of HIV non-occupational post exposure prophylaxis in Australia. HIV Medicine 2009;10:199-208.
64. Bouvard V, Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Secretan B, El Ghissassi F, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Guha N, Freeman C, Galichet L, Cogliano V, on behalf of the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group. (Grulich A, member of the working group). A review of human carcinogens—Part B: biological agents. Lancet oncology 2009;10:321-322.
65. Grulich AE. Cancer: the effects of HIV and anti-retroviral therapy, and implications for early antiretroviral therapy initiation. Current opinion in HIV/AIDS 2009;4:183-187.
66. Vajdic C, van Leeuwen M, Grulich A. A role for ageing and HIV infection in HIV-related cancer risk. AIDS 2009;23;1183-84.
67. Poynten M, Jin F, Mao L, Prestage GP, Kippax S, Kaldor JM, Imrie J, Grulich AE. Non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis, subsequent risk behaviour and HIV incidence in a cohort of Australian homosexual men. AIDS 2009;23:1119–1126.
68. van Griensven F, van Wijngaarden JW, Baral S, Grulich A. The Global Epidemic of HIV Infection among Men who have Sex with Men. Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS 2009;4:300-307
69. Salmon AM, van Beek I, Amin J, Grulich A, Maher L. High HIV testing and low HIV prevalence among injecting drug users attending the Sydney Medically Supervised Injecting Centre (MSIC). Aust NZ J Pub Health. 2009;33:280-3.
70. van Leeuwen M, Grulich A , Webster A, McCredie M, Stewart J, McDonald S, Amin J, Kaldor J, Chapman J, Vajdic C. Immunosuppression and other risk factors for early and late non-Hodgkin lymphoma after kidney transplantation. Blood. 2009;114:630-7.
71. Vajdic CM, van Leeuwen MT, Webster AC, McCredie MRE, Stewart JH, Chapman JR, Amin J, McDonald SP, Grulich AE. Cutaneous Melanoma is Related to Immune Suppression in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Cancer Epi Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18:2297-2303.
72. Prestage G, Mao L, Kippax S, Jin F, Hurley M, Grulich A, Imrie J, Kaldor J, Zablotska I. Use of Viral Load to Negotiate Condom Use Among Gay Men in Sydney, Australia. AIDS and behaviour. 2009;13:645-51.
73. Zablotska IB, Crawford J, Imrie J, Prestage G, Jin F, Grulich A, Kippax S. Increases in unprotected anal intercourse with serodiscordant casual partners among gay men in Sydney. AIDS and behaviour. 2009;13:638–644.
74. Vajdic CM, Falster MO, de Sanjose S, Martínez-Maza O, Becker N, Bracci PM, Melbye M, Ekström Smedby K, Engels EA, Turner J, Vineis P, Seniori Costantini A, Holly EA, Willett E, Spinelli JJ, La Vecchia C, Zheng T, Chiu BCH, Dal Maso L, Cocco P, Maynadié M, Foretova L, Staines A, Brennan P, Davis S, Severson R, Cerhan JR, Breen EC, Birmann B, Cozen W, Grulich AE. Atopic disease and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: an InterLymph pooled analysis. Cancer Research. 2009;69:6482-9.
75. Prestage G, Jin F, Kippax S, Zablotska I, Imrie J, Grulich A. Use of illicit drugs and erectile dysfunction medications and subsequent HIV infection among gay men in Sydney, Australia. J Sexual Medicine. 2009;6:2311-20.
76. Vajdic CM, van Leeuwen MT, Jin F, Prestage G, Medley G, Hillman RJ, Stevens MP, Botes LP, Tabrizi SN, Grulich AE. Anal HPV diversity and co-infection in a community-based sample of MSM. Sex Transm Inf. 2009;85:330-5.
77. Ryder N, Jin F, McNulty AM, Grulich AE, Donovan B. Increasing role of herpes simplex virus type-1 in first episode anogenital herpes in heterosexual women and younger men who have sex with men, 1992-2006. In press, Sex Transm Inf. Accepted February 2009. PMID: 19273479.
78. Jin F, Prestage GP, Kippax SC, Pell CM, Donovan B, Templeton DJ, Cunningham A, Mindel A, Cunningham PH, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Anal sexually transmissible infections and risk of HIV infection in homosexual men. In press, J AIDS. Accepted June 2009. PMID: 19734801.
79. Wilson DP, Regan DG, Heymer KJ, Jin F, Prestage GP, Grulich AE. Serosorting may increase the risk of HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men. In press, STD. Accepted June 2009.
80. Templeton DJ, Jin F, Prestage GP, Donovan B, Imrie JCG, Kippax SC, Cunningham PH, Kaldor JM, Mindel A, Cunningham AL, Grulich A. Circumcision and risk of sexually transmissible infections in a community-based cohort of HIV-negative homosexual men in Sydney, Australia. In press, JID. Accepted July 2009.
81. Anderson J, Wilson D, Templeton D, Grulich AE, Carter R, Kaldor JM. Cost-effectiveness of adult circumcision for HIV prevention in men who have sex with
82. van Leeuwen MT, Vajdic CM, Middleton MG, McDonald AM, Law M, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Continuing declines in some but not all HIV-associated cancers in Australia after widespread use of antiretroviral therapy. In press, AIDS. Accepted 12 August 2009. PMID: 19734774.
83. Poynten IM, Jin F, Prestage GP, Kaldor JM, Imrie J, Grulich AE. Attitudes towards new HIV biomedical prevention technologies among a cohort of HIV negative gay men in Sydney, Australia. In press, HIV Medicine. Accepted 13 August 2009.
84. Templeton DJ, Jin F, Mao L, Prestage GP, Donovan B, Imrie J, Kippax S, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE. Circumcision and risk of HIV in Australian homosexual men. In press, AIDS. Accepted 19 August 2009. PMID: 19752714
85. Templeton DJ, Jin F, McNally LP, Imrie J, Prestage GP, Donovan B, Cunningham PH, Kaldor JM, Kippax S, Grulich AE. Prevalence, incidence and risk factors for pharyngeal gonorrhoea in the community-based HIM cohort of homosexual men in Sydney, Australia. In press, Sex Transm Inf. Accepted 24 August 2009.
86. Jin F, Prestage GP, Matthews G, Zablotska I, Rawstorne P, Kippax SC, Kaldor JM, Grulich A. Prevalence, incidence and risk factors for hepatitis C in homosexual men: Data from two cohorts of HIV negative and HIV positive men. In press, Sex Transm Inf. Accepted 14 September 2009.
87. Jin F, Prestage GP, Zablotska I, Rawstorne P, Imrie JCG, Kippax SC, Donovan B, Templeton DJ, Kaldor JM, Grulich A. High incidence of syphilis in HIV positive homosexual men: Data from two community-based cohort studies. In press, Sexual Health. Accepted 21 September 2009.
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