Diseases and Risks

• Disease and Injury
  • Complete list of diseases and injury cause list for GBD
    Group 1: Communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions
    Group 2: Non-communicable diseases
    Group 3: Injuries
• Risks
• Case definitions - illicit drug dependence

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Complete list of diseases and injury cause list for GBD

Where indicated, click on group name to display sub group/GBD Cause Name

Group 1: Communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions

A. Tuberculosis - A15-A19, B90, P37.0
B. HIV/AIDS - B20-B24
C. STDs excluding HIV (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Syphilis	A50-A53
	2. Chlamydia	A55-A56
	3. Gonorrhoea	A54
	4. Anogenital herpesviral infection (h. simplex)	A60, P35.2
	Other STDs	A57-A64, N70-N73

D. Intestinal Infectious Diseases - A00-A09 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name		ICD-10 Code
	1. Diarrhoeal diseases		A00, A02-A04, A06-A09, P35-39 (part)
		a. Cholera	A00
		b. Salmonella infections	A02
		c. Shigellosis	A03
		d. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection	A04.0
		e. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection	A04.1
		f. Capylobacter enteritis	A04.5
		g. Amoebiasis	A06
		h. Cryptosporidiosis	A07.2
		i. Rotaviral infection	A08.0
		Other diarrhoeal disease	balance
	2. Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers		A01
	Other intestinal infectious diesease		A05

E. Childhood immunisable diseases (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Diphtheria	A36
	2. Whooping cough	A37
	3. Tetanus	A33-A35
	4. Poliomyelitis	A80, B91
	5. Varicella (chickenpox)	B01, P35.8
	6. Measles	B05
	7. Rubella	B06, P35.0
	8. Mumps	B26

F. Meningitis and encephalitis (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name		ICD-10 Code
	1. Meningitis		A39, G00, G03, P35-39 (part)
		a. Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis
		b. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) meningitis
		c. Neisseria meningitidis meningitis or meningococcaemia
		Other meningitis
	2. Encephalitis		A83-A87, G04

G. Hepatitis (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Hepatitis A	B15
	2. Hepatitis B	B16, B17.0, B18.0, B18.1, part (B17.2-9, B18.8-9, B19, P35.3)
	3. Hepatitis C	B17.1, B18.2, part (B17.2-9, B18.8-9, B19, P35.3)

H. Malaria - B50-B54, P37.3-4
I. Parasitic and vector diseases (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name		ICD-10 Code
	1.. Leishmaniasis		B55
	2. African Trypanosomiasis		B56
	3. Chagas disease		B57
	4. Schistosomiasis		B65
	5. Cysticercosis		B69
	6. Echinococcosis		B67
	7. Dracunculiasis		B72
	8. Lymphatic filariasis		B74.0-B74.2
	9. Onchocerciasis		B73
	10. Trachoma		A71, B94.0
	11. Dengue		A90-A91
	12. Yellow fever		A95
	13. Rabies		A82
	14. Intestinal nematode infections		B76-B81
		a. Ascariasis	B77
		b. Trichuriasis	B79
		c. Hookworm disease (Ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis)	B76
		Other intestinal infections	B78, B80,B81

J. Other infectious diseases (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Leprosy	A30, B92
	2. Leptospirosis	A27
	2. Septicaemia	A40-A41, P35-39 (part)
	3. Urinary tract infections	N30, N34, N39.0
	Other infectious diseases	balance of A and B, P35.1, P35.9, P37.1-2, P37.5-9

K. Respiratory indections (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name		ICD-10 Code
	1. Lower respiratory infections		J10-J18, J20-J22, P23
		a. Influenza
		b. Pneumococcal pneumonia
		c. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) pneumonia
		d. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia
		Other lower respiratory infections	Include B59?
	2. Upper respiratory infections		J00-J06
	3. Otitis media		H65-H66

L. Maternal conditions (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Maternal haemorrhage	O44-O46, O67, O72
	2. Maternal sepsis	O85-O86
	3. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy	O10-O16
	4. Obstructed labour	O64-O66
	5. Induced abortion	O00-O07
	Other maternal conditions	balance

M. Perinatal and infant causes (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Prematurity and low birth weight	P05-P07, P22, P25-28, P52, P61.2, P77
	2. Birth asphyxia and birth trauma	P03, P10-P15, P20-21, P24
	3. SIDS	R95
	Other non-infectious conditions arising in the perinatal period	P00-P02, P04, P08, P29, P50-P96

N. Nutritional deficiencies (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Protein-energy malnutrition	E40-E46
	2. Iodine deficiency	E00-E02
	3. Vitamin A deficiency	E50
	4. Iron-deficiency anaemia	D50, D64.9
	Other nutritional disorders	D51-D53, E51-E64

Group 2: Non-communicable diseases

A. Malignant neoplasms - C00-C97 (display sub group)

B. Other neoplasms - D00-D48
C. Diabetes mellitus - E10-E14 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Insulin-dependent diabetes	E10, E12-14 (part)
	2. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes	E11, E12-14 (part)

D. Endocrine, blood and immune disorders - D55-D64 (minus D64.9),D65-D89, E03-E07, E15-E16, E20-E34, E65-E88 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Haemolytic anaemias	D55-D59
	2 Aplastic and other non-nutritional anaemias	D60-D64 (minus D64.9)
	Other endocrine, blood and immune disorders	D55-D64 (minus D64.9)

E. Mental and behavioural disorders (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name		ICD-10 Code
	1. Unipolar depressive disorders		F32-F33, F34.1
	2. Bipolar affective disorder		F30-F31
	3. Schizophrenia		F20-F29
	4. Alcohol use disorders		F10
	5. Drug use disorders		F11-F16, F18-F19
		a. Heroin	F11
		b. Cocaine	F14
		c. Stimulants	F15
		d. Cannabis	F12
		Other drug use disorders	F13, F16, F18-F19
	6. Anxiety disorders		F40-F44
	7. Eating disorders		F50
	8. Pervasive developmental disorders		F84.0-F84.1, F84.5
	9. Childhood disorders		F90-F91

F. Neurological conditions - F01, F03, G06-G98 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Alzheimer's disease and other dementias	F01, F03, G30-G31
	2. Parkinson's disease	G20-G21
	3. Epilepsy	G40-G41
	4. Multiple sclerosis	G35
	5. Migraine	G43
	6. Non-migraine headache	G44
	Other neurological conditions

G. Sense organ diseases - H00-H61, H68-H93 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Glaucoma	H40
	2. Cataracts	H25-H26
	3. Macular degeneration	H35.3
	4. Refraction and accommodation disorders	H49-H52
	5. Hearing loss not due to other diseases or injuries	H90-H91
	Other vision loss	part of H30-36, H53-54
	Other sense organ disorders	Balance

H. Cardiovascular and circulatory diseases - I00-I99 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name		ICD-10 Code
	1. Rheumatic heart disease		I01-I09
	2. Hypertensive heart disease		I11-I13
	3. Ischaemic heart disease		I20-I25
	4. Cerebrovascular disease		I60-I69
		a. Ischaemic stroke	G45, I63, part I64-69
		b. Haemorrhagic and other non-ischaemic stroke	I60-62, part I64-69
	5. Pericarditis, endocarditis and myocarditis		I30-I33, I38, I40
	6. Cardiomyopathy		I42
	7. Conduction disorders and other dysrhythmias		I44-I45, I47-I49
	8. Aortic aneurysm		I71
	9. Peripheral vascular disease		I73
	Other circulatory diseases		Balance

I. Respiratory diseases - J30-J98 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	J40-J44
	2. Asthma	J45-J46
	Other respiratory diseases	J30-J39,J47-J98

J. Digestive diseases - K20-K92 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Peptic ulcer disease	K25-K27
	2. Appendicitis	K35-K37
	3. Intestinal obstruction and strangulated hernias	K40-K46, K56
	4. Inflammatory bowel disease	K50-K52
	5. Vascular insufficiency of intestine	K55
	6. Cirrhosis of the liver	K70, K74
	7. Gall bladder and bile duct disease	K80-K83
	8. Pancreatitis	K85-K86
	Other digestive diseases	Balance

K. Genito-urinary diseases - N00-N29, N31-N33, N35-N64 (excl. N39.0), N75-N98 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Nephritis and nephrosis	N00-N19
	2. Urolithiasis	N20-N23
	3. Benign prostatic hypertrophy	N40
	4. Primary infertility	N46, N97
	Other genitourinary system diseases	Balance

L. Skin diseases - L00-L98 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Eczema	L20-L30
	Other skin diseases	Balance

M. Musculoskeletal diseases - M00-M99 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Rheumatoid arthritis	M05-M06
	2. Osteoarthritis	M15-M19
	3. Back pain	M46.9, M47, M48.0-2, M48.8-9, M50-54
	Other musculoskeletal disorders	Balance

N. Congenital anomalies - Q00-Q99 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Neural tube defects	Q00, Q03, Q05
	2. Congenital heart anomalies	Q20-Q28
	3. Cleft lip and cleft palate	Q35-Q37
	4. Digestive system malformations	Q38-Q45
	5. Urogenital malformations	Q50-56, Q60-64
	6. Fetal alcohol syndrome	Q86.0
	7. Down's syndrome	Q90
	8. Other chromosomal abnormalities	Q91-Q99
	Other Congenital anomalies	Balance

O. Oral conditions - K00-K14 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Dental caries	K02
	2. Periodontal disease	K05
	3. Edentulism	-
	Other oral diseases	Balance

Group 3: Injuries - V01-Y89

A. Unintentional injuries - V01-X59, Y40-Y86, Y88, Y89 (display sub group)

B. Intentional injuries - X60-Y09, Y35-Y36, Y870, Y871 (display sub group)

	Subgroup/GBD Cause Name	ICD-10 Code
	1. Self-inflicted injuries	X60-X84, Y870
	2. Violence	X85-Y09, Y871
	3. War and civil conflict	Y36
	4. Legally sanctioned deaths	Y35

Risks

Unlike diseases and injuries for which there is a relatively coherent classification system, there are an infinitely large number of risk factors, traditionally defined in the different scientific disciplines. We have used the following principles, in consultation with disease, injury, and risk factor experts, to form the initial list of risk factors for the CRA component of the GBD Study:

• Risk factors should be potentially modifiable;
• Risks should be assessed irrespective of place in a causal chain or scientific Discipline that has traditionally analyzed the risk factor, as long as evidence of causal effect can be established;
• Risks are defined to be not too broad (e.g. diet or environment as a whole) or too narrow (e.g. every single fruit and vegetable or every toxicant in tobacco smoke) with a relatively specific definition of risk factor exposure;
• Protective as well as hazardous factors are considered. However, the absence of a specific intervention should not be assessed as a risk factor, but rather in measurement of intervention coverage and effectiveness; and
• There exists sufficient data on risk factor exposure and risk-factor disease relationships.

NDARC will be investigating illicit drug use as a risk factor and the University of Queensland will be investigating mental disorders as a risk factor.

Table 1 lists the risk factors of interest in the GBD study.

Table 1: GBD Study Risk Factor List

Case definitions - illicit drug dependence

Substance dependence

A condition that develops after repeated use of a substance, characterised by the presence of at least three of the following criteria at some time during the previous year:

• Tolerance
• Withdrawal
• Discontinuation of important social activities and other pleasurable events and/or failure to meet occupational obligations
• Increased dosage and/or duration of use
• Significant amount of time spent obtaining, using or recovering from the substance
• Persistent use despite significant associated problems
• Compulsion to take the substance*
• Desire to cut down use, or unsuccessful attempts to cut down**

*DSM-IV only
**ICD-10 only

The above criteria based are on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) and the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10).

General Case definition

A person finds it difficult to control his or her substance use and will need increasing amounts of the drug over a period of weeks or months to achieve the same high. Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms may be experienced when the effect of the substance wears off. A dependent person will typically spend a large amount time obtaining, taking and recovering from using the substance. Obligations of daily life will be neglected; relationships with family and friends may break down and work performance may suffer; he or she may get in trouble with the law and physical and emotional well being may also deteriorate. There is a persistent desire to use the substance despite these adverse effects even when the person may wish to reduce his or her substance use. The person may be able to stop using for periods of time but a return to substance use is common.

Dependence is experienced with slight differences across drug types: